feat: API Keys 支持数据库存储和 Web 界面管理

- database.py: 新增 get_api_key/set_api_key/delete_api_key/get_all_api_keys 函数
- qwen.py/deepseek.py/analyzer.py: 改用 db.get_api_key() 读取配置
- app.py: 新增管理员 API 接口 (/api/admin/api-keys)
- settings 页面: 管理员可见的 API 密钥配置区域

API Key 优先级: 数据库 > 环境变量

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>

src/vitals/core/database.py

@@ -984,3 +984,107 @@ def delete_invite(invite_id: int):
     """删除邀请码"""
     with get_connection() as (conn, cursor):
         cursor.execute("DELETE FROM invites WHERE id = %s", (invite_id,))
+
+
+# ===== API Key 管理 =====
+
+# API Key 与环境变量的映射
+API_KEY_ENV_MAP = {
+    "dashscope": "DASHSCOPE_API_KEY",
+    "deepseek": "DEEPSEEK_API_KEY",
+    "anthropic": "ANTHROPIC_API_KEY",
+}
+
+# API Key 显示名称
+API_KEY_NAMES = {
+    "dashscope": "通义千问 (DashScope)",
+    "deepseek": "DeepSeek",
+    "anthropic": "Anthropic (Claude)",
+}
+
+
+def get_api_key(provider: str) -> Optional[str]:
+    """获取 API Key，数据库优先，环境变量备用"""
+    with get_connection() as (conn, cursor):
+        cursor.execute(
+            "SELECT value FROM config WHERE `key` = %s",
+            (f"api_key.{provider}",)
+        )
+        row = cursor.fetchone()
+        if row and row["value"]:
+            return row["value"]
+
+    # 回退到环境变量
+    env_var = API_KEY_ENV_MAP.get(provider)
+    return os.environ.get(env_var) if env_var else None
+
+
+def set_api_key(provider: str, value: str):
+    """保存 API Key 到数据库"""
+    if provider not in API_KEY_ENV_MAP:
+        raise ValueError(f"Unknown provider: {provider}")
+
+    with get_connection() as (conn, cursor):
+        cursor.execute(
+            "REPLACE INTO config (`key`, value) VALUES (%s, %s)",
+            (f"api_key.{provider}", value)
+        )
+
+
+def delete_api_key(provider: str):
+    """从数据库删除 API Key（将回退到环境变量）"""
+    with get_connection() as (conn, cursor):
+        cursor.execute(
+            "DELETE FROM config WHERE `key` = %s",
+            (f"api_key.{provider}",)
+        )
+
+
+def get_all_api_keys(masked: bool = True) -> dict:
+    """获取所有 API Keys 状态
+
+    Args:
+        masked: 是否掩码显示值
+
+    Returns:
+        dict: {provider: {"name": 显示名, "value": 值或掩码, "source": "database"|"env"|None}}
+    """
+    result = {}
+
+    with get_connection() as (conn, cursor):
+        for provider, env_var in API_KEY_ENV_MAP.items():
+            # 查数据库
+            cursor.execute(
+                "SELECT value FROM config WHERE `key` = %s",
+                (f"api_key.{provider}",)
+            )
+            row = cursor.fetchone()
+
+            db_value = row["value"] if row and row["value"] else None
+            env_value = os.environ.get(env_var)
+
+            # 确定来源和值
+            if db_value:
+                source = "database"
+                value = db_value
+            elif env_value:
+                source = "env"
+                value = env_value
+            else:
+                source = None
+                value = None
+
+            # 掩码处理
+            if masked and value:
+                if len(value) > 8:
+                    value = value[:4] + "*" * (len(value) - 8) + value[-4:]
+                else:
+                    value = "*" * len(value)
+
+            result[provider] = {
+                "name": API_KEY_NAMES.get(provider, provider),
+                "value": value,
+                "source": source,
+            }
+
+    return result

src/vitals/vision/analyzer.py

@@ -31,8 +31,8 @@ class ClaudeFoodAnalyzer(FoodAnalyzer):
     """使用 Claude Vision API 的食物分析器"""
 
     def __init__(self, api_key: Optional[str] = None):
-        import os
-        self.api_key = api_key or os.environ.get("ANTHROPIC_API_KEY")
+        from ..core import database as db
+        self.api_key = api_key or db.get_api_key("anthropic")
 
     def analyze(self, image_path: Path) -> dict:
         """使用 Claude Vision 分析食物图片"""

src/vitals/vision/providers/deepseek.py

@@ -1,20 +1,20 @@
 """DeepSeek Vision API 适配器"""
 
 import base64
-import os
 from pathlib import Path
 from typing import Optional
 
 import httpx
 
 from ...core.calories import estimate_meal_calories
+from ...core import database as db
 
 
 class DeepSeekVisionAnalyzer:
     """DeepSeek Vision 食物识别分析器"""
 
     def __init__(self, api_key: Optional[str] = None):
-        self.api_key = api_key or os.environ.get("DEEPSEEK_API_KEY")
+        self.api_key = api_key or db.get_api_key("deepseek")
         self.base_url = "https://api.deepseek.com/v1"
 
     def analyze_image(self, image_path: Path) -> dict:

src/vitals/vision/providers/qwen.py

@@ -1,20 +1,20 @@
 """Qwen VL (通义千问视觉) API 适配器"""
 
 import base64
-import os
 from pathlib import Path
 from typing import Optional
 
 import httpx
 
 from ...core.calories import estimate_meal_calories
+from ...core import database as db
 
 
 class QwenVisionAnalyzer:
     """Qwen VL 食物识别分析器"""
 
     def __init__(self, api_key: Optional[str] = None):
-        self.api_key = api_key or os.environ.get("DASHSCOPE_API_KEY")
+        self.api_key = api_key or db.get_api_key("dashscope")
         # 阿里云百炼 OpenAI 兼容接口
         self.base_url = "https://dashscope.aliyuncs.com/compatible-mode/v1"
 

src/vitals/web/app.py

@@ -726,6 +726,50 @@ async def admin_delete_invite(invite_id: int, admin: User = Depends(require_admi
     return {"message": "邀请码已删除"}
 
 
+# ===== API 密钥管理（管理员） =====
+
+
+@app.get("/api/admin/api-keys")
+async def admin_get_api_keys(admin: User = Depends(require_admin)):
+    """获取所有 API Keys 状态（掩码显示）"""
+    return db.get_all_api_keys(masked=True)
+
+
+@app.get("/api/admin/api-keys/{provider}")
+async def admin_get_api_key(provider: str, admin: User = Depends(require_admin)):
+    """获取指定 API Key 完整值"""
+    if provider not in db.API_KEY_ENV_MAP:
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail=f"未知的 provider: {provider}")
+    value = db.get_api_key(provider)
+    return {
+        "provider": provider,
+        "name": db.API_KEY_NAMES.get(provider, provider),
+        "value": value,
+    }
+
+
+class ApiKeyInput(BaseModel):
+    value: str
+
+
+@app.put("/api/admin/api-keys/{provider}")
+async def admin_set_api_key(provider: str, data: ApiKeyInput, admin: User = Depends(require_admin)):
+    """设置/更新 API Key"""
+    if provider not in db.API_KEY_ENV_MAP:
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail=f"未知的 provider: {provider}")
+    db.set_api_key(provider, data.value)
+    return {"message": "API Key 已保存", "provider": provider}
+
+
+@app.delete("/api/admin/api-keys/{provider}")
+async def admin_delete_api_key(provider: str, admin: User = Depends(require_admin)):
+    """删除 API Key（回退到环境变量）"""
+    if provider not in db.API_KEY_ENV_MAP:
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail=f"未知的 provider: {provider}")
+    db.delete_api_key(provider)
+    return {"message": "API Key 已删除，将使用环境变量配置", "provider": provider}
+
+
 # ===== 页面路由 =====
 
 
@@ -8030,6 +8074,18 @@ def get_settings_page_html() -> str:
             </form>
         </div>
 
+        <!-- API 密钥配置（仅管理员可见） -->
+        <div class="section" id="api-keys-section" style="display: none;">
+            <h2>API 密钥配置</h2>
+            <p style="color: #64748B; margin-bottom: 20px;">配置 AI 服务的 API 密钥，用于食物图片识别功能</p>
+
+            <div id="api-keys-list">
+                <div style="text-align: center; padding: 40px; color: #94A3B8;">
+                    加载中...
+                </div>
+            </div>
+        </div>
+
         <!-- 账户管理 -->
         <div class="section">
             <h2>账户</h2>
@@ -8509,6 +8565,9 @@ def get_settings_page_html() -> str:
                         document.getElementById('account-badge').style.display = 'block';
                         // 显示管理后台入口
                         document.getElementById('admin-entry').style.display = 'block';
+                        // 显示 API 密钥配置区域
+                        document.getElementById('api-keys-section').style.display = 'block';
+                        loadApiKeys();
                     }
                     // 保存到 localStorage
                     localStorage.setItem('user', JSON.stringify(user));
@@ -8522,6 +8581,8 @@ def get_settings_page_html() -> str:
                         if (user.is_admin) {
                             document.getElementById('account-badge').style.display = 'block';
                             document.getElementById('admin-entry').style.display = 'block';
+                            document.getElementById('api-keys-section').style.display = 'block';
+                            loadApiKeys();
                         }
                     }
                 }
@@ -8536,11 +8597,144 @@ def get_settings_page_html() -> str:
                     if (user.is_admin) {
                         document.getElementById('account-badge').style.display = 'block';
                         document.getElementById('admin-entry').style.display = 'block';
+                        document.getElementById('api-keys-section').style.display = 'block';
+                        loadApiKeys();
                     }
                 }
             }
         }
 
+        // API 密钥管理
+        async function loadApiKeys() {
+            try {
+                const response = await fetch('/api/admin/api-keys', { credentials: 'same-origin' });
+                if (response.ok) {
+                    const keys = await response.json();
+                    renderApiKeys(keys);
+                } else {
+                    document.getElementById('api-keys-list').innerHTML = '<div style="color: #EF4444; padding: 20px;">加载失败，请刷新重试</div>';
+                }
+            } catch (error) {
+                console.error('加载 API 密钥失败:', error);
+                document.getElementById('api-keys-list').innerHTML = '<div style="color: #EF4444; padding: 20px;">加载失败，请刷新重试</div>';
+            }
+        }
+
+        function renderApiKeys(keys) {
+            const container = document.getElementById('api-keys-list');
+            const providers = Object.keys(keys);
+
+            container.innerHTML = providers.map(provider => {
+                const key = keys[provider];
+                const hasValue = key.value !== null;
+                const sourceLabel = key.source === 'database' ? '数据库' : (key.source === 'env' ? '环境变量' : '未配置');
+                const sourceColor = key.source === 'database' ? '#10B981' : (key.source === 'env' ? '#F59E0B' : '#94A3B8');
+
+                return `
+                    <div class="api-key-item" style="padding: 20px; border: 2px solid #E2E8F0; border-radius: 8px; margin-bottom: 15px;">
+                        <div style="display: flex; justify-content: space-between; align-items: center; margin-bottom: 12px;">
+                            <div>
+                                <div style="font-weight: 600; color: #1E293B;">${key.name}</div>
+                                <div style="font-size: 0.85rem; color: ${sourceColor}; margin-top: 4px;">
+                                    来源: ${sourceLabel}
+                                </div>
+                            </div>
+                            <div style="display: flex; gap: 8px;">
+                                ${hasValue ? `<button class="btn btn-secondary btn-small" onclick="toggleApiKeyVisibility('${provider}')">显示</button>` : ''}
+                                ${key.source === 'database' ? `<button class="btn btn-danger btn-small" onclick="deleteApiKey('${provider}')">删除</button>` : ''}
+                            </div>
+                        </div>
+                        <div style="display: flex; gap: 10px;">
+                            <input type="password" id="api-key-${provider}" class="api-key-input"
+                                   value="${hasValue ? key.value : ''}"
+                                   placeholder="${hasValue ? '' : '未配置，请输入 API Key'}"
+                                   style="flex: 1; padding: 10px 14px; border: 2px solid #E2E8F0; border-radius: 6px; font-family: monospace;">
+                            <button class="btn btn-primary btn-small" onclick="saveApiKey('${provider}')">保存</button>
+                        </div>
+                    </div>
+                `;
+            }).join('');
+        }
+
+        async function toggleApiKeyVisibility(provider) {
+            const input = document.getElementById(`api-key-${provider}`);
+            if (input.type === 'password') {
+                // 获取完整值
+                try {
+                    const response = await fetch(`/api/admin/api-keys/${provider}`, { credentials: 'same-origin' });
+                    if (response.ok) {
+                        const data = await response.json();
+                        input.value = data.value || '';
+                        input.type = 'text';
+                        // 更新按钮文字
+                        event.target.textContent = '隐藏';
+                    }
+                } catch (error) {
+                    console.error('获取 API 密钥失败:', error);
+                    showAlert('获取失败', 'error');
+                }
+            } else {
+                input.type = 'password';
+                event.target.textContent = '显示';
+                // 重新加载掩码值
+                loadApiKeys();
+            }
+        }
+
+        async function saveApiKey(provider) {
+            const input = document.getElementById(`api-key-${provider}`);
+            const value = input.value.trim();
+
+            if (!value) {
+                showAlert('请输入 API Key', 'error');
+                return;
+            }
+
+            try {
+                const response = await fetch(`/api/admin/api-keys/${provider}`, {
+                    method: 'PUT',
+                    headers: { 'Content-Type': 'application/json' },
+                    credentials: 'same-origin',
+                    body: JSON.stringify({ value })
+                });
+
+                if (response.ok) {
+                    showAlert('API Key 已保存', 'success');
+                    loadApiKeys();
+                } else {
+                    const error = await response.json();
+                    showAlert(error.detail || '保存失败', 'error');
+                }
+            } catch (error) {
+                console.error('保存 API 密钥失败:', error);
+                showAlert('保存失败', 'error');
+            }
+        }
+
+        async function deleteApiKey(provider) {
+            if (!confirm('确定要删除此 API Key 吗？删除后将回退到使用环境变量配置。')) {
+                return;
+            }
+
+            try {
+                const response = await fetch(`/api/admin/api-keys/${provider}`, {
+                    method: 'DELETE',
+                    credentials: 'same-origin'
+                });
+
+                if (response.ok) {
+                    showAlert('API Key 已删除', 'success');
+                    loadApiKeys();
+                } else {
+                    const error = await response.json();
+                    showAlert(error.detail || '删除失败', 'error');
+                }
+            } catch (error) {
+                console.error('删除 API 密钥失败:', error);
+                showAlert('删除失败', 'error');
+            }
+        }
+
         // 退出登录
         async function logoutAccount() {
             if (!confirm('确定要退出登录吗？')) {